National Museum of Archaeology and History of Moldova: 31 August 1989 Street no. 121A

The museum is located in the historical building of the Boys' Gymnasium No. 1 established during the Tsarist period , later, the "BP Hasdeu" Boys' High School was located here, between 1945-1963 the "Nistru" border guard detachment was placed here, and in 1963-1977, the Technical University .

The 1977 earthquake caused significant damage to the building. From 1980 to 1987 it was rebuilt.

It was created on December 1, 1983 (as the State Museum of History of the MSSR), by order of the Ministry of Culture No. 561 "On the reprofiling of museums" (based on the joint decision of the CC of the PCM and the Council of Ministers of the MSSR of November 29, 1983 "On the use of the historical monument - the building of the former boys' gymnasium in Chisinau, where S. Lazo studied").

On October 22, 1991, by order of the Ministry of Culture No. 231 "On improving the activity of republican museums", the State Museum of History of the MSSR changed its title to the National Museum of History of Moldova.

The increase in the heritage was also contributed to by the massive transfers of heritage from a number of closed museums, such as the Republican Museum of Friendship of Peoples, the Museum of History of the Communist Party of Moldova, the Republican Museum of the History of the Komsomol, the Republican Museum of the History of the "G. Kotovski" and "S. Lazo", the Republican Museum of the History of Religion, the Memorial Museum of the Bulgarian Volunteers and the Museum of Archaeology of the Academy of Sciences. The permanent exhibition of the "History and Civilization" museum includes 6 exhibition halls, with an area of 1400 sq m. The historical discourse supported by the exhibition unfolds from the Paleolithic to the proclamation of the independence of the Republic of Moldova.
The museum also offers the public temporary exhibitions, varied in theme and interesting in content, which complete the historical picture of the Republic of Moldova and make a significant contribution to the cultural propaganda of the stored heritage.
The educational function of the museum is achieved through extensive museum pedagogy activity, which aims to familiarize the public, especially the younger generation, with the values of national culture, with the importance of preserving and valorizing them over time.
A permanent and essential component of the museum's activity is scientific research, the results of which are capitalized on at the Annual Scientific Communications Conference, symposiums and thematic scientific conferences.
Since 1992, the museum has been publishing the magazine Tyragetia, which, starting with 2006, appears in a new series, in two volumes annually (vol. 1 - Archaeology. Ancient History and vol. 2 - History. Museology); as well as monographic works, collection catalogs, exhibition guides and leaflets, illustrated books, calendars and bookmarks with heritage pieces.

On March 15, 2013 , based on the Decision of the Government of the Republic of Moldova No. 184 of March 13, 2013, the National Museum of Archaeology and History of Moldova changed its title to "National Museum of History of Moldova".

Five branches of the museum operate on the territory of the Republic of Moldova: Military Equipment Exhibition, "Șciusev" House-Museum (Chișinău), "Constantin Stamati" Memorial House ( Ocnița ), Lazo Family Mansion ( Piatra ) and "Carol XII" House-Museum ( Varnița ).

In 2021, the museum owned 348,619 heritage pieces.